一、物化性質(zhì)
1、 Physicochemical properties
一般為無色或淡黃色或黃綠色液體，具有刺激氣味，不穩(wěn)定，易分解，有腐蝕性。固態(tài)次氯酸鈉為白色粉末，受熱后迅速分解。在空氣中極不穩(wěn)定，在堿性狀態(tài)時較穩(wěn)定。易溶于水生成燒堿和次氯酸，次氯酸再分解生成氯化氫和新生氧。具有強(qiáng)氧化性。
Generally, it is colorless or light yellow or yellow green liquid, with pungent smell, unstable, easy to decompose and corrosive. Solid sodium hypochlorite is a white powder, which decomposes rapidly after heating. It is very unstable in air and stable in alkaline state. It is easy to dissolve in water to form caustic soda and hypochlorous acid, which is then decomposed into hydrogen chloride and new oxygen. It has strong oxidation property.
二、危險性
2、 Risk
⒈該物質(zhì)受熱時或與酸接觸或在光照下會分解，生成含氯氣的油污和腐蝕性氣體。濃度大于10%時是一種強(qiáng)氧化劑，與可燃物和還原性物質(zhì)猛烈反應(yīng)，有著火或爆炸危險。水溶液濃度較高時也是一種強(qiáng)堿，與酸猛烈反應(yīng)，并有腐蝕性，侵蝕許多金屬。不可燃，在火焰中釋放出刺激性或有毒煙霧或氣體

1. When heated or in contact with acid or under light, the substance will decompose to produce oil and corrosive gases containing chlorine. When the concentration is more than 10%, it is a strong oxidant. It reacts violently with combustibles and reductive substances, which may cause fire or explosion. When the concentration of the aqueous solution is high, it is also a strong base, which reacts violently with acid, and is corrosive and erodes many metals. It is not flammable and emits irritating or toxic smoke or gas in the flame
⒉經(jīng)口LD508500mg/kg（小鼠）。次氯酸鈉稀溶液對皮膚、眼睛、呼吸道有刺激性，引起皮疹、流淚、視力模糊、咳嗽。食入后引起刺激和腐蝕粘膜的表面，嘔吐和腹部疼痛。經(jīng)常用手接觸本品的工人，手掌大量出汗，指甲變薄，毛發(fā)脫落。本品放出的游離氯有可能引起中毒。接觸高濃度次氯酸鈉會引起皮膚灼傷或潰爛，眼睛腐蝕伴有角膜或結(jié)膜潰爛，及失明。吸入濃的煙霧會嚴(yán)重刺激肺部，伴有咳嗽或窒息，肺水腫，嚴(yán)重時可致死亡。
2. Oral ld50850mg / kg (mice). Dilute sodium hypochlorite solution has irritation to skin, eyes and respiratory tract, causing rash, tears, blurred vision and cough. Ingestion causes irritation and erosion of the mucosal surface, vomiting and abdominal pain. Workers who often touch this product with their hands have a lot of sweating on their palms, thinning their nails and shedding their hair. The free chlorine released by this product may cause poisoning. Exposure to high concentrations of sodium hypochlorite can cause skin burns or ulcers, eye corrosion, corneal or conjunctival ulceration, and blindness. Inhalation of thick smoke will seriously stimulate the lungs, accompanied by cough or asphyxia, pulmonary edema, serious death.