氫氧化鉀，是一種常見(jiàn)的無(wú)機(jī)堿，常溫下為白色粉末或片狀固體。性質(zhì)與氫氧化鈉相似，具強(qiáng)堿性及腐蝕性，極易吸收空氣中水分而潮解，吸收二氧化碳而成碳酸鉀，微溶于醚。當(dāng)溶解于水、醇或用酸處理時(shí)產(chǎn)生大量熱量。
Potassium hydroxide, a common inorganic base, is a white powder or flake solid at room temperature. Similar to sodium hydroxide in nature, it is strongly alkaline and corrosive. It is very easy to absorb water in the air and deliquesce. It absorbs carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate, which is slightly soluble in ether. When dissolved in water, alcohol or treated with acid, a large amount of heat is generated.
作用：1、用于電鍍、雕刻、石印術(shù)等。
Functions: 1. For electroplating, engraving, lithography, etc.
2、用作鉀鹽生產(chǎn)的原料，如高錳酸鉀、碳酸鉀等。
2. Used as raw materials for potassium salt production, such as potassium permanganate, potassium carbonate, etc.
3、在醫(yī)藥工業(yè)中，用于生產(chǎn)鉀硼氫、安體舒通、沙肝醇、丙酸睪丸素、黃體酮、香蘭素等。
3. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used to produce potassium borohydride, spironolactone, saganol, testosterone propionate, progesterone, vanillin, etc.、
4、在輕工業(yè)中用于生產(chǎn)鉀肥皂、堿性蓄電池、化妝品（如冷霜、雪花膏和洗發(fā)膏）。
4. In light industry, it is used to produce potassium soap, alkaline battery and cosmetics (such as cold cream, snow cream and shampoo).
5、在染料工業(yè)中，用于生產(chǎn)還原染料，如還原藍(lán)RSN等。
5. In the dye industry, it is used to produce vat dyes, such as vat blue RSN, etc.
6、用作分析試劑、皂化試劑、二氧化碳和水分的吸收劑。
6. It is used as an absorbent for analytical reagent, saponification reagent, carbon dioxide and water.
7、在紡織工業(yè)中，用于印染、漂白和絲光，并大量用作制造人造纖維、聚酯纖維的主要原料，也用于用于制造三聚氰胺染料。
7. In the textile industry, it is used for printing and dyeing, bleaching and mercerization, and is widely used as the main raw material for the manufacture of man-made fiber and polyester fiber. It is also used for the manufacture of melamine dyes.
8、還用于冶金加熱劑和皮革脫脂等方面。
8. It is also used in metallurgical heating agent and leather degreasing.
隔膜電解法原料氯化鉀在化鹽槽溶化成飽和溶液，加熱至90℃時(shí)分別加入碳酸鉀、苛性鉀、氯化鋇除去鈣、鎂和硫酸根等雜質(zhì)，經(jīng)沉降除渣、鹽酸中和、精制的含氯化鉀280～315 g／L的氯化鉀溶液經(jīng)預(yù)熱到70～75℃后進(jìn)行電解，得氫氧化鉀、氯氣和氫氣。隔膜法所得氫氧化鉀濃度為10％～11％，需通過(guò)蒸發(fā)濃縮和冷卻澄清，制得含45％～50％氫氧化鉀溶液；也可繼續(xù)在熬堿鍋中濃縮，經(jīng)脫色，制得固體氫氧化鉀，或經(jīng)制片成片狀氫氧化鉀產(chǎn)品。
Potassium chloride, the raw material of the diaphragm electrolysis method, is dissolved into a saturated solution in the salt tank. When heated to 90 ℃, potassium carbonate, caustic potassium and barium chloride are added respectively to remove impurities such as calcium, magnesium and sulfate. The 280 ~ 315 g / L potassium chloride solution containing potassium chloride is preheated to 70 ~ 75 ℃ for electrolysis to obtain potassium hydroxide, chlorine and hydrogen. The concentration of potassium hydroxide obtained by diaphragm method is 10% ~ 11%, which needs to be concentrated by evaporation and clarified by cooling to prepare a solution containing 45% ~ 50% potassium hydroxide; It can also continue to be concentrated in the alkali boiling pot and decolorized to prepare solid potassium hydroxide or flake potassium hydroxide products.