氫氧化鉀是一種常見的無機(jī)堿，常溫下為白色粉末或片狀固體。其性質(zhì)與氫氧化鈉相似。它具有強(qiáng)堿性和腐蝕性。那么氫氧化鉀的相對(duì)分子量和用途是什么？
Potassium hydroxide is a common inorganic base, which is white powder or flake solid at room temperature. Its properties are similar to sodium hydroxide. It is highly alkaline and corrosive. So what is the relative molecular weight and use of potassium hydroxide?
鉀的相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量為39。相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量是指化學(xué)式中各個(gè)原子的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量之和，用符號(hào)Mr表示，單位為1。對(duì)于聚合物來說，相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量可以達(dá)到幾萬甚至幾十萬；相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量最小的氧化物的化學(xué)式是H2O。相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量在數(shù)值上等于摩爾質(zhì)量，但單位不同。相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量的單位是1，而摩爾質(zhì)量的單位是g/mol。
The relative molecular weight of potassium is 39. Relative molecular mass refers to the sum of the relative atomic mass of each atom in the chemical formula, expressed by the symbol Mr, with the unit of 1. For polymers, the relative molecular weight can reach tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands; The chemical formula of the oxide with the lowest relative molecular weight is H2O. The relative molecular mass is numerically equal to the molar mass, but in different units. The unit of relative molecular mass is 1, and the unit of molar mass is g / mol.
氫氧化鉀仍被廣泛使用，如無機(jī)工業(yè)用作生產(chǎn)高錳酸鉀、亞硝酸鉀、磷酸氫二鉀等鉀鹽的原料。在日化工業(yè)中用作制造鉀皂、洗潔精皂、洗發(fā)軟皂、卸妝膏、冷霜、洗發(fā)水等的原料。醫(yī)藥工業(yè)用于制造黃體酮和黃體酮等原料。香草醛。
Potassium hydroxide is still widely used. For example, in inorganic industry, it is used as raw material for the production of potassium salts such as potassium permanganate, potassium nitrite and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. In the daily chemical industry, it is used as raw materials for manufacturing potassium soap, detergent soap, shampoo, makeup remover, cold cream, shampoo, etc. The pharmaceutical industry is used to manufacture progesterone and progesterone and other raw materials. Vanillin.
染料工業(yè)用于制造三聚氰胺染料。電池工業(yè)用于制造堿性蓄電池。用作干燥劑、吸收劑，用于制造鉀皂、草酸及各種鉀鹽，也用于電鍍、雕刻、平版印刷等；主要用作生產(chǎn)鉀鹽的原料，如高錳酸鉀、碳酸鉀等。在電化學(xué)工業(yè)中，用于電鍍、雕刻等。在紡織工業(yè)中，用于印染、漂白和絲光，廣泛用作制造人造纖維和人造纖維的主要原料。聚酯纖維。
The dye industry is used to make melamine dyes. The battery industry is used to make alkaline batteries. It is used as desiccant and absorbent, in the manufacture of potassium soap, oxalic acid and various potassium salts, as well as electroplating, engraving, lithography, etc; It is mainly used as raw materials for the production of potassium salts, such as potassium permanganate, potassium carbonate, etc. In the electrochemical industry, it is used for electroplating, engraving, etc. In the textile industry, it is used for printing and dyeing, bleaching and mercerization. It is widely used as the main raw material for the manufacture of man-made fibers and man-made fibers. polyester.
汞電解液采用隔膜電解法制備。在電解室中，石墨（或金屬）用作陽極，汞用作陰極。電解產(chǎn)生的氯氣送入氯氣干燥工序，產(chǎn)生的鉀汞齊流入溶汞室。大部分未反應(yīng)的氫氧化鉀在淡鹽水狀態(tài)下處理，然后返回原料溶解過程。鉀汞齊與水反應(yīng)生成氫氧化鉀和氫氣。由于溶汞室的產(chǎn)品濃度為45%-50%，可作為液體產(chǎn)品使用，也可在堿性蒸煮鍋中蒸煮濃縮成固體堿，或制成薄片產(chǎn)品。
Mercury electrolyte is prepared by diaphragm electrolysis. In the electrolytic chamber, graphite (or metal) is used as anode and mercury is used as cathode. The chlorine produced by electrolysis is sent to the chlorine drying process, and the generated potassium amalgam flows into the mercury dissolving chamber. Most of the unreacted potassium hydroxide is treated in light brine and then returned to the raw material dissolution process. Potassium amalgam reacts with water to produce potassium hydroxide and hydrogen. As the product concentration in the mercury dissolving chamber is 45% – 50%, it can be used as liquid products, or it can be steamed and concentrated into solid alkali in an alkaline cooking pot, or made into thin-film products.

將隔膜電解的原料氫氧化鉀在溶鹽槽中溶解成飽和溶液。加熱至90℃時(shí)，分別加入碳酸鉀、苛性鉀、氯化鋇，除去鈣、鎂、硫酸鹽等雜質(zhì)。將沉淀、除渣、鹽酸中和、提純后的含280-315g/L的溶液預(yù)熱，電解得到氫氧化鉀、氯氣和氫氣。隔膜法得到的產(chǎn)品濃度為10%-11%，需蒸發(fā)濃縮，冷卻澄清，制成含45%-50%氫氧化鉀的溶液；薄片作為薄片形式的氫氧化鉀產(chǎn)物獲得。
The raw material potassium hydroxide for diaphragm electrolysis is dissolved into a saturated solution in a salt dissolving tank. When heated to 90 ℃, add potassium carbonate, caustic potassium and barium chloride respectively to remove impurities such as calcium, magnesium and sulfate. Preheat the solution containing 280-315g / L after precipitation, slag removal, hydrochloric acid neutralization and purification, and electrolytic to obtain potassium hydroxide, chlorine and hydrogen. The product concentration obtained by diaphragm method is 10% – 11%, which needs to be evaporated, concentrated, cooled and clarified to make a solution containing 45% – 50% potassium hydroxide; The sheet is obtained as a potassium hydroxide product in the form of a sheet.
氫氧化鉀的相對(duì)分子量及使用溶液為上述相關(guān)內(nèi)容。如果您對(duì)本產(chǎn)品的使用有疑問，可以到www.jinhao360.com網(wǎng)站咨詢我們。不要自己在家做實(shí)驗(yàn)，危險(xiǎn)還是比較大的。
The relative molecular weight of potassium hydroxide and the solution used are related to the above contents. If you have any questions about the use of this product, you can go to www.jinhao360.com Com website. Don't do experiments at home by yourself. It's still dangerous.