在沒有工業(yè)生產(chǎn)方法之前，人們從天然堿湖中收集純堿或用含堿植物灰制成純堿，用于洗滌劑和玻璃、肥皂、皮革制造等。隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展，原有的純堿提法已經(jīng)不能滿足對堿的需求，大規(guī)模的工業(yè)制堿工藝應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。目前，純堿生產(chǎn)工藝主要分為合成純堿工藝和天然堿工藝。合成純堿工藝約占世界純堿產(chǎn)能的三分之二，天然堿工藝約占三分之一。
Before there was no industrial production method, people collected soda from natural soda lakes or made soda from alkaline plant ash for detergent, glass, soap, leather manufacturing, etc. With the development of industry, the original soda extraction method can no longer meet the demand for alkali, and large-scale industrial soda making process came into being. At present, the production process of soda ash is mainly divided into synthetic soda ash process and natural soda process. The synthetic soda ash process accounts for about two-thirds of the world's soda ash production capacity, and the natural soda ash process accounts for about one-third.
純堿按密度可分為輕純堿（lightsoda）和重純堿（heavysodaash）。用于家庭洗滌、化學(xué)溶劑和食品加工行業(yè)；重堿的密度為1000-1200kg/，呈白色細(xì)小顆粒，多用于平板玻璃的生產(chǎn)。與輕堿相比，重堿具有堅(jiān)固、顆粒大、密度高、吸濕性低、不易結(jié)塊、不易飛散、流動(dòng)性好等特點(diǎn)。此外，還有超輕質(zhì)純堿和超重質(zhì)純堿，密度分別約為370kg/和1550-2553kg/。
Soda ash can be divided into lightsoda and heavysodaash according to density. Used in household washing, chemical solvents and food processing industries; The density of heavy alkali is 1000-1200kg/, which is white fine particles and is mostly used in the production of flat glass. Compared with light alkali, heavy alkali has the characteristics of firmness, large particles, high density, low hygroscopicity, not easy to agglomerate, not easy to fly away, and good fluidity. In addition, there are ultra light soda ash and ultra heavy soda ash, with densities of about 370kg/ and 1550-2553kg/ respectively.
按用途不同，純堿可分為工業(yè)純堿和食用純堿。工業(yè)純堿執(zhí)行中華人民共和國頒布的國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T210-2004《工業(yè)碳酸鈉及其試驗(yàn)方法》（以下簡稱國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)），包括GB/T210.1-2004《工業(yè)碳酸鈉》及其試驗(yàn)方法第1號《工業(yè)碳酸鈉部分》和GB/T210.2-2004《工業(yè)碳酸鈉及其試驗(yàn)方法第2部分工業(yè)碳酸鈉試驗(yàn)方法》。食用純堿執(zhí)行GB1886-1992《食品添加劑》碳酸鈉”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在達(dá)到工業(yè)純堿低鹽標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的基礎(chǔ)上，增加了砷和重金屬的含量限值。
According to different uses, soda ash can be divided into industrial soda ash and edible soda ash. Industrial soda shall comply with the national standard gb/t210-2004 industrial sodium carbonate and its test methods (hereinafter referred to as the national standard) issued by the people's Republic of China, including gb/t210.1-2004 industrial sodium carbonate and its test methods No. 1 industrial sodium carbonate part and gb/t210.2-2004 industrial sodium carbonate and its test methods Part 2 industrial sodium carbonate test methods. Edible soda ash shall comply with the standard of gb1886-1992 food additives – sodium carbonate. On the basis of reaching the low salt standard of industrial soda ash, the content limits of arsenic and heavy metals are added.

根據(jù)氯化物含量的不同，純堿可分為普通堿、低鹽度、超低鹽度和特低鹽度。按國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，普通堿氯化鈉的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)≤1.20%；低鹽度氯化鈉的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)≤0.90%；超低鹽度氯化鈉的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)≤0.70%；特低鹽度氯化鈉質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)≤0.30%。
According to different chloride contents, soda ash can be divided into ordinary alkali, low salinity, ultra-low salinity and ultra-low salinity. According to the national standard, the mass fraction of common alkali sodium chloride is ≤ 1.20%; Mass fraction of low salinity sodium chloride ≤ 0.90%; Mass fraction of ultra-low salinity sodium chloride ≤ 0.70%; Ultra low salinity sodium chloride mass fraction ≤ 0.30%.
此外氫氧化鉀廠家再來給大家講講純堿用途主要包括：
In addition, the potassium hydroxide manufacturer will tell you about the main uses of soda ash:
（1）建材領(lǐng)域，純堿作為平板玻璃的主要原料之一，為反應(yīng)提供鈉離子，同時(shí)也是澄清劑的主要成分；
(1) In the field of building materials, as one of the main raw materials of flat glass, soda ash provides sodium ions for reaction and is also the main component of clarifier;
（2）化工生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域，純堿廣泛用于制造硅酸鈉（俗稱泡花堿、水玻璃）、碳酸氫鈉（俗稱小蘇打）、氟化鈉、重鉻酸鹽等產(chǎn)品；
(2) In the field of chemical production, soda ash is widely used to manufacture sodium silicate (commonly known as bubble soda, sodium silicate), sodium bicarbonate (commonly known as baking soda), sodium fluoride, dichromate and other products;
（3）印染冶金領(lǐng)域，純堿充當(dāng)紡織物生產(chǎn)過程的軟水劑，或是用作冶煉的助溶劑、選礦的浮選劑以及煉鋼的脫硫劑等；
(3) In the field of printing and dyeing metallurgy, soda ash is used as a water softener in the textile production process, or as an auxiliary solvent for smelting, a flotation agent for beneficiation and a desulfurizer for steelmaking;
（4）食品加工領(lǐng)域，純堿作為面食添加劑起到中和劑、膨松劑、緩沖劑、面團(tuán)改良劑作用，增加面食口感和柔韌度，也可作為主要輔助添加劑應(yīng)用于味精、醬油的生產(chǎn)。
(4) In the field of food processing, as a pasta additive, soda ash acts as a neutralizer, bulking agent, buffer and dough improver to increase the taste and flexibility of pasta. It can also be used as a main auxiliary additive in the production of monosodium glutamate and soy sauce.
此外，純堿也廣泛地應(yīng)用于環(huán)保脫硫、醫(yī)藥制品、制革、造紙等，高端純堿還可用于顯像管玻殼和光學(xué)玻璃制造。
In addition, soda ash is also widely used in environmental desulfurization, pharmaceutical products, tanning, papermaking, etc. high end soda ash can also be used in the manufacture of kinescope glass shell and optical glass.
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